Graduate Council raised concern that the offering of courses concurrently to graduate students and to undergraduate, medical, or law students may not meet the pedagogical and academic needs of either. For example, in the case of concurrent undergraduate and graduate courses, the course is often taught at either an undergraduate level (thus not challenging graduate students) or at a graduate level (thus overwhelming and confusing undergraduates). Council wishes to ensure that graduate students receive a graduate-level experience in 500- and 800-level courses taken. Procedures already are in place for undergraduates to take 500- and 800-level courses, as are procedures for graduate students to take a limited number of 400-level courses to apply to their degree program. Additionally, graduate students are not prohibited from registering for independent study (596 or 896) in order to take 400-level coursework with additional requirements imposed for graduate credit. Graduate students also may register, with permission from the respective professional school, for 700- and 900-level courses.